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Joan Miró (1893 - 1983)

Joan Miró was a Spanish painter and sculptor who produced vividly abstract works of art throughout much of the 20th century. He belonged to the generation of modern artists who came after the Post-Impressionists, and though his work showed their influence, he produced works of unmistakable originality.

Miró was born April 20, 1893, in Barcelona, Spain. He studied art in Barcelona and his early work shows the influence of early modernism, including the bright colors of the Fauves, the broken forms of Cubism, the powerful two-dimensionality of Catalan folk art, and Romanesque church frescoes of his native Spain. He felt an almost supernatural connection with the Mediterranean landscape of Mallorca and particularly the village of Montroig, where his parents had a farm.

He had his first show at the Galeries Dalmau in Barcelona in 1918. He traveled to Paris for the first time in 1920, where he visited Picasso in his studio and met many other avant-garde writers and artists.

In the mid-20s he met André Breton and other Surrealists who were to decisively influence his personal style. His work could never strictly be called Surrealist as his interest lay primarily in his bond with the land rather than dreams, but they had an undoubted influence as can be seen in Il Carnevale di Arlecchinno, 1924-1925.

He absorbed the influence of the Surrealists but created his own unique language of symbols and pictograms and archetypal characters, such as the woman, the star, and the bird, drawn from the realm of memory and imaginative fantasy (L'Oiseau au Plummage Deploye; Ballerina II). He used a limited range of bright colors, especially blues, reds, yellows, greens, and black, and his work seemed to extend beyond the edges of the canvas as no artist had done before. He is also known for his large amorphous, amoebic shapes accompanied by spots and lines and bursts of colors (Vuelo de Pajaros and L'Oro dell'Azzurro).

Miró had a great curiosity about new techniques and materials and he worked in mosaics, ceramics, sculpture, and tapestries. He also had an enormous influence on graphic design. Miró died in his beloved Mallorca, Spain, on December 25, 1983.

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